Each stripe represents one of the five different groups of the human race. The top strip is red, the second stripe is white, the third stripe is brown, the fourth strip is yellow, and the fifth or bottom stripe is black. The Brotherhood Flag consists of five horizontal stripes of equal width. It was used at the exhibit for the association at the Brussels World's Fair. The flag was dedicated at Odessa, New York, in May of 1958. The World Peace Association (WPA) was based in Jenkins, Minnesota. See the " Black Panther Party" on the "Political Flags of Extremism" page for more information. During the 1960s many variants of this flag were available, some with a gold Africa, some with a green Africa, some with madagascar included, some without, and the continent in various sizes.Īnother version reported, but not shown here, apparently had a red star added to the center black strip and was used by Black Panthers' sympathizers in Oakland, California, in 1989, at the funeral of Huey Newton, co-founder of the Black Panther Party. The third flag shown (Variant #3) with the large white outline of Africa is currently offered for sale at several websites its exact first use date and origin is unknown. Since then, it has appeared in the African-American Parade in Cleveland, Ohio, where it was seen mixed in with flags in the more normal red-black-green pattern. This black-red-green flag first appeared on a stamp issued by the United States Postal Service in 1997 to commemorate Kwanzaa, the African-American yearly celebration. The second flag shown (Variant #2) is an African-American flag which uses the colors introduce by Marcus Garvey, but uses them in a different order, putting the black stripe on top to emphasize the black races' importance. The flag has also been called at various times the Marcus Garvey flag, the Black Nationalist Flag, the African National Flag, the New Afrikan Liberation Flag, the African-American Flag, the Universal African flag, and the International African Flag. The black color represents the Black race, the green color represents the natural resources of Africa from where the Black race comes from. The red represents the blood shed in the struggle for liberation. This flag uses what is known as the pan-African colors (red, black and green). Popularly known today as the Garvey flag, named after Marcus Garvey, it was originally known simply as the "Red-Black-Green" flag. This design was first adopted in 1920 as the official banner of the African Race at a meeting of the Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League (UNIA) held in New York City. In the 1960s this flag became a symbol of Black liberation in the United States. The Black Liberation Flag, also known as the Afro-American Flag, Pan-African Flag, and the UNIA Flag, is a symbol of African and African-American unity and pride. For example, a peace flag reflects an aspiration and it only becomes a protest flag when used that way, otherwise, it remains just a peace flag. By this it is meant that it is the manner in which they are used that determines what they are. It also should be noted that some of the flags on this page can't be considered either "protest" or "message" flags, they are rather "aspiration" flags. | Part I - Before 2000 | Part II - After 2000 |Īccepting the notion that many of the flags used by the British Colonists prior to the American Revolution and many of the secession flags of the American Civil War can be considered "Protest Flags," I ignore them on this section as they are featured in their own individual sections of this website, and concentrate on the lesser known and more modern flags of either protest or message flags used by Americans today.
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